3874 entries. Last updated May 23, 2013.

Fiction, Science Fiction, Drama, Poetry Timeline Outline

  • Eras
  • Themes

8,000 BCE – 1,000 BCE

Probably the Earliest Surviving Recipe for Making Beer
(Circa 1,800 BCE)

The Rigveda
(Circa 1,700 BCE – 1,100 BCE)

One of the twelve tablets--of the 1200 discovered by Austen Henry Layard in Ninveh--upon which the Epic of Gilgamesh was recorded. (View larger)
The Epic of Gilgamesh
(Circa 1,300 BCE – 1,000 BCE)

1,000 BCE – 300 BCE

Homer
Standardization of the Homeric Texts Begins
(Circa 750 BCE)

Achilles
The "Fatal Letter" in the Iliad
(Circa 750 BCE)

The Pronomos Vase from Naples shows the performers of a Greek satyr play. (View Larger)
The Pronomos Vase
(Circa 400 BCE)

Probably the Earliest Surviving Papyrus of a Greek Text
(Circa 350 BCE)

300 BCE – 30 CE

Fragments of the Odyssey, most likely copied in Alexandria.
The Beginnings of Philology
(Circa 280 BCE)

A "Wild" or "Eccentric" Papyrus of the Iliad
(Circa 275 BCE)

The Beginning of Latin Literature
(Circa 250 BCE)

A digital recreation of the Library of Alexandria.
The Origins of Bibliography
(Circa 200 BCE)

Virgil
The Writings of Virgil
(42 BCE – 19 BCE)

The Earliest Surviving Datable Examples of Rustic Capitals
(31 BCE – 79 CE)

30 CE – 500 CE

Hero of Alexandria
Automata Invented by Hero of Alexandria
(Circa 30 CE – 70 CE)

A portrait of Martial.
The First Mention of Literary Works Published in Parchment Codices
(84 CE – 86 CE)

Recto of papyrus containing lines from Homer's Illiad, found at Hawara. (View Larger)
The "Hawara Homer"
(Circa 150 CE)

One of the four leaves of the Vergilius Augusteus that resides in the Vatican Library.(View Larger)
Manuscript Example of Roman Square Capitals and the Earliest Large Ornamented…
(Circa 300 CE)

The Oldest Surviving Manuscript of the Comedies of Terence
(Circa 350 CE – 450 CE)

Vergilius Vaticanus
Herald of Christianity and Magus: One of the Oldest Surviving Illustrated…
(Circa 380 CE)

Early Christians May Have Destroyed What Remained of the Alexandrian Library Because of its Pagan Contents
(391 CE)

The Codex Mediceus of Virgil
(Circa 450 CE)

Achilles sacrificing to Zeus from the Ambrosian Iliad. (View Larger)
The Only Illustrated Homer from Antiquity
(493 CE – 508)

700 – 800

The first page of the Beowulf manuscript. (View Larger)
Beowulf
(700 – 1000)

The oldest known historiated initial, found in the St. Petersurg Bede, also known as the Leningrad Bede.
The Earliest Known Example of an Historiated Initial and One of the Earliest…
(Circa 750)

Partial Inventory of the Court Library of Charlemagne at Aachen
(Circa 790)

800 – 900

Charlemagne Renews Book and Library Culture
(800 – 877)

<p>The Rök Runestone, believed to be the earliest Sweedish writing, makes reference to Ostrogothic King, Theodoric the Great.</p>
The First Written Swedish Literature
(Circa 800)

One of the most outsanding illumated manuscripts of De luadibus sanctae crucis, preserved in the Vatican Library, depicting Christ. (View Larger)
Carmina Figurata Word Pictures
(Circa 810)

"The most ingenious and expressive work of narrative art known from all of Late Antiquity"
(820)

The Fables of Phaedrus
(Circa 850)

The Earliest-Known Manuscript of the Arabian Nights
(October 20, 879)

One of the Two Oldest Manuscripts of Ovid's Ars Amatoria
(Circa 880)

900 – 1000

A portrait of Luke on Folio 29v of the Book of Deer. (View Larger)
Possibly the Earliest Surviving Manuscript Produced in Scotland
(Circa 950)

Folio 12r of Venetus A. (View Larger)
The Most Famous Manuscript of the Iliad
(Circa 950)

Folio 30 of suppl. gr. 384, belonging to the Bibliothèque Nationale.
The Palatine Anthology of Greek Poetry
(Circa 950)

1000 – 1100

<p>The reconstructions of three Norse buildings are the focal point of this archaeological site, the earliest known European settlement in the New World. The archaeological remains at the site were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978.</p>
The First Conclusive Proof that Norsemen Reached North America
(Circa 1000)

1100 – 1200

Plate 8 of the Englehardt facsimile of the Hortus delicarum. In the centermost circle, Philosophy rests upon a queenly throne, holding a banner that says 'All wisdom comes from God, only the wise can do what they want.' Directly below sit Socrates and Plato, at abutting desks. In the surrounding orbs stand the Seven Liberal arts: grammar, rhetoric, dialectics, music, arithmetic, geometry, and astronomy. (View Larger)
Written and Illuminated by the Nun Herrad of Landsberg
(1167 – 1185)

1200 – 1300

Folio 1r of Fr. 1573 at the Bibliotheque Nationale, the earliest extant copy of 'Le Roman de la Rose.' (View Larger)
Le Roman de la Rose: A Medieval Best Seller
(Circa 1230 – 1275)

Folio 1r of the 'C' manuscript of the Nibelungenlied. (View Larger)
The Song of the Nibelungs
(Circa 1230)

Perhaps the First Grammar of a Romance Language
(Circa 1240)

The Planudean Anthology as Basis for the Anthologia Graeca
(1299 – 1301)

1300 – 1400

A scene from Rashid al-Din Tabib's 'Jami al-Tawarikh' in which the Ghazan Khan is converted to Islam. (View Larger)
Enormous Islamic History Containing the Earliest Notice of Chinese Printing…
(1307)

A statue of Dante at the Uffizi. (View Larger)
The Divine Comedy
(1308 – 1321)

Arthur versus the Saxons as depicted in the Rochefoucauld Grail. (View Larger)
The Rochefoucauld Grail
(1315 – 1323)

Zilbaldone
(Circa 1350)

The opening leaf of the Hengwrt Chaucer. (View Larger)
Both of the Earliest and Most Authoritative Manuscripts of Chaucer's Canterbury…
(Circa 1380)

1400 – 1450

The Largest and Finest Collection of Greek Texts before Bessarion's
(December 15, 1423)

1450 – 1500

The First Printed Editions of Virgil
(1469 – 1470)

The First Printing of a Major Greek Work in its Original Language
(1488 – 1489)

1500 – 1550

 A sample of the humanist script developed by Niccolò de' Niccoli, which became the basis for Francesco Griffo's 'italic' type. (View Larger)
First Book Completely Printed in Italic Type and the First of Aldus's Pocket…
(April 1501)

Portrait of a Elegant Young Man Mishandling a Book
(Circa 1535)

1600 – 1650

The First Publication of Shakespeare's Sonnets
(May 20, 1609)

The First Book to Contain Images of Organisms Viewed through the Microscope
(1630)

Some of the Earliest Printed Examples of Concrete or Shaped Poetry
(1633)

1700 – 1750

Popol Vuh, The Book of the People, Known from a Single Manuscript
(1701 – 2012)

Possibly the Earliest Reference to a Fictional Device that Resembles a Modern Computer
(1726)

The First General-Interest Periodical and the First to Use the Word "Magazine" to Indicate a Storehouse of Knowledge
(January 1731)

1750 – 1800

Candide, ou l'Optimism
(1759)

The First Book Printed Entirely on Wove Paper
(October 6, 1759 – 1760)

The Poetry of Homer as a Product of Oral Tradition
(1795)

Invention of Lithography
(1796 – 1800)

1800 – 1850

The First Literary Magazine Published in the United States
(1815)

The First Indigenous Arabic Press in Egypt
(December 1822)

The First "Livre d'Artiste"
(1828)

The First Complete Printed Edition in Arabic of the Thousand and One Nights
(1835)

1850 – 1875

"Darwin among the Machines"
(June 13, 1863)

Schliemann Discovers the Ancient City of Troy
(1871 – 1873)

"Erewhon"
(1872)

1875 – 1900

Listening to the Earliest Surviving Recording of a Musical Performance
(June 22, 1878 – October 2012)

Imagining a Library One Hundred Years in the Future
(1883)

Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions
(1884)

First Use of the Term "Credit Card"
(1887)

Lewis Carroll Wrote or Received 98,000 Letters
(January 14, 1898)

1900 – 1910

The Earliest Fictional Account of a Universal Library, Foreshadowing the Virtual Library on the Internet
(1901)

An Early Sci-Fi View of the Internet and Virtual Reality
(November 1909)

1920 – 1930

Robot
(1920)

The Literature and Culture of Suicide
(1927)

1930 – 1940

Visionary of New Reading Machines and Changes in the Process of Reading
(1930 – 1931)

La Realite Virtuelle
(1938)

Mass Hysteria Induced by Electronic Media
(October 30, 1938)

Fantasies of an All-Encompassing Archive or "Universal Library"
(1939)

1940 – 1950

Borges' Universe as a Library, or Universal Library or Archive
(1941)

"Waldo" : Imagining Remote Manipulators and TeleRobotics
(August 1942)

"Nineteen Eighty-Four"
(1949)

1950 – 1960

"Fahrenheit 451"
(1953 – 2011)

The First Use of a Computer to Write Literary Texts
(October 1954)

One of the Earliest Surviving British Television Dramas
(December 12 – December 14, 1954)

"Nineteen Eighty-Four" Filmed
(1956)

Satirizing the Role of Automation in Eliminating Jobs, and Librarians
(1957)

The First Digital Poetry
(1959)

1960 – 1970

"Dial F for Frankenstein"
(1961)

Spacewar, the First Computer Game for a Commercially Available Computer
(1962)

Dylan's "The Times They Are A-Changin' "
(1963)

The Printing and the Mind of Man Exhibition
(July 16 – July 27, 1963)

"2001: A Space Odyssey"
(1968)

Replicants
(1968)

The First Widely-Attended International Exhibition of Computer Art
(August 2 – October 20, 1968)

1980 – 1990

The Name of the Rose
(1980)

Blade Runner
(1982)

William Gibson Coins the Word Cyberspace
(July 1982)

The Earliest Fictional Treatment of Word Processing by a Prominent Literary Author
(January 1983)

Cyberspace
(1984)

The First Book Written by a Computer Program
(1984)

The Perseus Digital Library Project
(1985)

Probably the Best Book History and Library Film Set in the Middle Ages
(1986)

Foundation of Computational Sylistics
(1987)

The First Hypertext Fiction: "Afternoon, a story"
(1987 – 1990)

1990 – 2000

Visions of a Metaverse
(June 1992)

The Electronic Beowulf
(1993)

Jurassic Park
(1993)

The Matrix
(1999)

2000 – 2005

Conflicts between Androids and Men
(2001)

Minority Report
(2002)

Working Around Chinese Censorship of Literary Works
(2002)

The First Cell Phone Novel
(2003)

2005 – 2010

300,000,000 Printed Copies
(October 5, 2005)

The Film "Avatar" and Visions of Reality, Virtual and Otherwise
(December 10, 2009)

2010 – 2011

Bestsellers on eBook Readers: Romance Novels
(December 9, 2010)

2011 – 2013

The Second Best-Selling Book in America Priced Like an App (99 Cents)
(February 25, 2011)

"Turn on, Tune in, Drop Out": The New York Public Library Buys the Timothy Leary Papers
(June 2011)

"Distant Reading" Versus "Close Reading"
(June 24, 2011)

Action Comics #1 Superman sells for $2.16 Million
(November 11 – November 30, 2011)

What Makes Spoken Lines in Movies Memorable
(April 30, 2012)

How eBooks Are Changing Fiction Writing and Publishing
(May 12, 2012)

The World's Smallest Book Requires a Scanning Electron Microscope to be Seen
(September 25, 2012)

Computer Graphic Animation Indistinguishable from Nature
(December 22, 2012)

2013 – Present

Jane Austin and Walter Scott Were the Two Most Influential Novelists of the 19th Century: A Discovery Made Through Digital Humanities Research
(January 26, 2013)