In 1786 English inventor Edmund Cartwright patented the first power loom. His first of several patents for this invention was specification No. 1565 (1786) for what he called a "Newly Invented Weaving Machine." Cartwright's first attempts and his later attempts to improve the power loom were problematic, but the technical obstacles were gradually solved by other inventors and entrepreneurs, and by 1850 there were 260,000 power looms in operation in England.