In 1830 Italian printer and publisher Giuseppe Pomba imported an Applegath and Cowper rotary printing machine from England to his printing plant in Torino. This was the first printing machine installed in Italy. Presumably this model was powered by hand crank, as Pomba did not install his first steam engine, a four horsepower model, until 1847. This engine was also imported from England.
Mario Infelise, La nuova figura dell'editore, in Storia dell'editoria nell'Italia contemporanea a cura di Gabriele Turi. Firenze: Giunti, 1997,